Censorship of the Internet is Wrong :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Censorship of the net income is Wrong The cyberspace bed be a very disturbing and adult medium. There are parts of the Internet that should not be viewed by barbarianren. Explicit information can be form which is intended for an adult audience but children who have access to the Internet have become exposed to this material. The question at hand is who is responsible for preventing these children from viewing this material. Censoring the entire Internet would be one capable option. though this option would be effective but it wouldnt be practical. Censoring the Internet would limit what adults could view and communicate. Owners of Internet servers should know of the possible information and people that can be found in this medium. Having the access to the vast information available on the Internet, a responsibility is mandatory. Censorship of the Internet is not needed as a whole, but the reasons for censorship are understandable. These reasons though, should be th e responsibility of the individual user, not the government. Relying on the government is not the answer. Prevention of children viewing and having access to paint a picture material can be achieved without banning the material from the Internet. I fully believe in censorship of the Internet Censorship by the parents for their children. All is needed is responsibility by the parents of the children. If you are a parent willing to provide your child access to the Internet, then you need to take precaution. Most parents would prevent their child from looking at the adult section in a movie store, which in many cases they can get access to, then why would they capture their children access to such material on the internet? The Internet is something that most of us must buy access to and which we then choose to surf on our own. And does the government really have the right to tell parents what books and magazines they can allow their children read at home or what televi sion programs or motion pictures they should let their children watch? (Ford Marrin Esposito Witmeyer & Gleser, L.L.P.) It is the parents responsibility to limit the access of the Internet for their children. There are many options, which can prevent children from the access to the illicit material, which can be found through the Internet.

Anomie Essay -- essays research papers

Although America was a confident and optimistic nation in 1917 before the introduction of the two major World Wars and the Vietnam War, this no longer is the gaucherie today. Wars have reshaped American history, politically, economically, socially and culturally. Throughout the course of time religious structures have been falling, events such the Great Depression have caused unemployment, divorce and crime judge have skyrocketed and suicide coupled with violence has gained much popularity and acceptance in the news. Many of the rigorous norms once established and followed have been disintegrating, thus providing an avenue for perpetually increasing chaos with an apparent state of anomie where there are no clear rules to firmly guide society. Inflations and unemployment in America have been wide sources of chaos. The fact that wealth has never been evenly distributed has always caused the rebellion and in some cases retreatism posed by sociologist Robert Merton. Today Bushs pres idency has caused the jobs of numerous people. About 113,000 workers have been cut from payrolls since September of last year. In numerous occasions Bush has said, The slowdown is real and is affecting too many lives. I want the American people to know were deeply concerned about the unemployment rates and we intend to do something about it.", yet he has not authentic any new plan to stop unemployment or at most decrease it. This presidential attitude in turn has led many to bend the story that society c...

What is Special Education? Essay -- Education Educating Teaching Essay

Before covering the main idea behind how technology can call down learning of special students, it is important to discuss what qualifies a student as ?special?. Special Education is identified as, ?the education of children who deviate socially, mentally, or physically from the average to such an extent that they require major modifications of usual school practices,? (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2005, p.1). According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997, ?students with disabilities include those with mental retardation, hearing impairments, speech or language impairments, visual impairments, serious emotional disturbance, orthopedic impairments, autism, other health impairments, or specific learning disabilities,? (Warger, 1999, p.1). Since there are so many incompatible types of disabilities, each student needs to be assessed to determine the best type of learning environment for them (Ralabate, 2002, p. 13-14). This is a very important part of helping special education students from the very beginning of their education. With the right leadership from teachers, and knowing what works best with teaching each unique student, they can reach their full potentiality in learning. Inclusion ?Children who learn together, learn to live together? (Renaissance Group, 1999, p.1). Resurfacing the issue of different teaching methods in Special Education, many schools educate students in an inclusive environment. Inclusion refers to the placement and participation of students with special needs into a general education environment such as classrooms and extra curricular programs (Lewis & Doorlag, 1999, p.5). Many describe the use of inclusion in schools very beneficial to both special and general education ... ....gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=Thesaurus&_nfls=false This an online ERIC thesaurus defining helpful technology. ?Special education.? Encyclopdia Britannica Online. 2005. This is an online ency clopedia definition of special education. Internet Resources Internet for Education. (2005). Retrieved on April 27, 2005 from http//www.vts.rdn.ac.uk/tutorial/education?sid=4740639&op=preview&manifestid=82&itemid=7126 This site contains information on the ways the internet can enhance education. Renaissance Group. (1999, October, 14). Inclusive Education. Retrieved April 20, 2005 from http//www.uni.edu/coe/inclusion/ . This site contains a lot of current information concerning the importance, philosophy, and future of education in an inclusive environment.

Affirmative Action and Discrimination :: Free Essays Online

Affirmative Action and Discrimination1. Race relations in general and approbative action in particular amaze arguably been the most divisive and hotly contested issues in contemporary American politics. Many people olfactory sensation that affirmative action is necessary to either counteract injustices or ensure the advancement of certain minorities. Affirmative action proponents generally point to four justifications. These argon racism, poverty, mixture, and the problem of underrepresentation. Proponents point out that many blacks, Hispanics and Native Americans live in substandard housing, go to substandard schools, and live in neighborhoods where crime is rampant. They claim that they are victims of daily racism and that this hurts their chances for advancement. Proponents point to small numbers of these minorities in certain desirable jobs (i.e. CEOs of corporations and high elected office) as evidence of underrepresentation of minorities and a need for diversity both in the workplace and in higher education. 2. There are several different levels of affirmative action. They include quotas, preferences, and outreach, in lessening order of severity. Quotas, overly called set excursions, deal with having a certain amount of jobs or college spots reserved for a particular group. For example, if a University admits 1000 assimilators every year and sets aside 150 seats that are open to blacks only, this is an example of a quota. In the Supreme Court case Bakke v Regents of the University of California , the court ruled that these quotas could not be used by the system but that race could be considered a plus in admissions to the medical school. This brings us to preferences. Preferences are when persons from certain groups (usually groups that have been underrepresented or disadvantaged) are given a boost in admissions. An example of this would be the practice at the University of Michigan, which was recently overruled by a U.S. District Court. At the University of Michigan, applicants are graded on a 150-point scale. Blacks, Hispanics and American Indians get 20 points for their race, equal to raising their grade-point average a full point on a 4 -point scale (Focus on Affirmative). This case has recently been appealed to the Supreme Court, casing new light on this decades old question. The third and least severe score of affirmative action occurs when no preferences are given, but when special efforts are made to recruit members of certain groups. This is called outreach. An example of this would be when a Hispanic student receives a letter from the minority recruitment office at a prestigious university urging him to apply (Ezorsky, 34).

Copper as a Valuable Resource Essay examples -- Essays Papers

Copper as a Valuable ResourceIntroduction Copper is a valuable resource whose intricate steps from initially a raw product to ultimately the final product may be traced. The life of crap clear be followed from its extraction, processing, and disposal. All of these steps, including the wastes produced, have an impact on human life and the environment. The developments of resources, such as copper, have helped change history. The environmental impacts of these changes may similarly be felt. Thus, it is important to understand the ins and outs of the process. By doing this, it is possible to see what resources and what waste products come out of this resource. Only then, can proper methods be taken to manage this resource properly. Resource Source Copper is an important mineral resource used in many various areas. Its properties of high ductility, malleability, and thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as its resistance to corrosion, make copper very us eful as a major industrial metal (http//minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/copper). Copper can be refined from metal ores or scrap copper so it can be used as a powder in automotive, aerospace, electrical equipment, in fouling compounds, and various chemicals and medical processes. Compounds of copper can be found in fungicides, wood preservatives, copper plating, pigments, electronic applications, and specialized chemicals. It can be produced either as a primary product or as a co-product of gold, lead, zinc, or silver (http//nuclear.hazard.uiuc.edu/packets/primmetals/chapter5.htm). Following after steel and aluminum, copper is ranked third in world metal consumption. In 1990, the major copper-consuming nations we... .../how/howdo3.htm).Introduction to the Hydrometallurgical Process. Retrieved (1/29/02),(http//teach.eac.cc.az.us/pmcbride/HTML%20Presentation%20folder).Mining Technology-WMC Copper- Uranium Mine- exceptional Dam- South Australia.Retrieved 2/11/02 f rom the World Wide Web http//www.mining-technology.Com/projects/Olympic/.National Slag Association Iron and Steel Slag Uses. Retrieved 3/5/02 from the World Wide Web http//www.nationalslagassoc.org/uses.html.Newly Mined Copper Why Do We Need It? Retrieved 3/5/02 from the WorldWide Web http//innovations.copper.org/199810/virgincopper.html.Production, Import, Use, and Disposal. Retrieved 3/5/02 from the World WideWeb http//www.astdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp132-c4.pdf.TVA Copper Basin Reclamation. Retrieved 2/11/02 from the World WideWeb http//www.tva.gov/environment/land/coppper.htm.

Use of Night and Darkness in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

Use of Night and Darkness in Macbeth Shakespeare is known for his descriptively rich plays. He also ways does an excellent job of describing both the characters as well as the setting. One specific area of the play MacBeth is the use of night and shadow to show roughshod or happening that are not right. Examples of this are the many appearances of the witches, the murders that occur, and the conflicts that MacBeth faces with his mental health. The following three paragraphs will further discuss these topics. The first example of Shakespeares use of night and darkness in the appearances of the three witches. The witch sisters are the main sources of evil within the play MacBeth. When the witches are in an act, storms or the darkness of the woods always accompanies them. This shows great evilness. Thunder and lightning. Enter three witches. This is the opening scene description just before the introduction to the witches. This shows their evil nature as the are followed by rough s torms in dark conditions. Another quote is Fair is fowl and fowl is fair Hover through the fog and muddy air. This is another example of the disgusting and dirty, dark atmosphere around the witches. Then, towards the end of Hecates, queen of witches, speech, she says Hark I am called. My little spirit, see Sits a logy cloud and it stays for me. This shows a clear mental picture of the fogy, ugly conditions, which are prominent, when the witches are around. So this is a very good example of Shakespeare cosmos able to link darkness and stormy conditions with evil. The second example of Shakespeare writing techniques to show evil as darkness is the number of murders and when it was that they occurred. When there was a murder, it was often committed at night or in the dark. This then also ties in with the entire connection of darkness with evil, murder being the source of evil. The near known example of murder is when MacBeth kills Banquo. During his speech where he is proceeding to kill Banquo he says ...Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse the curtained sleep. Witchcraft celebrates pale Hecates offerings , and dried-up Murder , alarumed by his sentiel , the wolf , whos howls his watch..... The references to the dreams, sleep, witches and the wolfs howl all depict the nighttime as this is when most of those speech are seen.

Public opinion of police Essay

Good morning (evening or afternoon) ladies and gentleman. I would like your solicitude because I have a subject to discuss. I want to talk about the publics opinion towards police officers by different cultural sort outs. There are many thoughts and public opinion on how the community feel towards the many police officers in this country. It is my personal opinion that people should non be hating on the police because they enforce the law, unless they have experienced some sort of police brutality and unprofessionalism.I will speak to you the various races ethnic backgrounds that have statistically shown me the truth behind why they dislike police officers. Amongst part of races that feel like that towards police officers they are Hispanics, African Americans and also opposite mixed races. Every Hispanic has their own reason to dislike the police officers in this country. For many it could be personal and for others it could be that they do non wield and for some it could be that perhaps the immigration topic is whats affecting their opinion about police officers.Anything a police officer does may not be liked by someone for whatever reason, so no matter what not every person will be pleased. Research and bunch of study have been done to find out the truth about why distrust is so high amongst the citizens and the police. They found that police violence against Rodney King, Amadou Diallo, and the racial attitude of Mark Fuhrman led to a broad decline in public support for the police, violence against the police, and attenuated police careers. Negative attitudes also slice crime control efforts by contributing to low levels of citizen assistance to police investigations. (Liu & Crank, 2010). The other ethnic background that has problems trusting the police are African Americans. African Americans feel they have strong reason to have their own negative public opinion against police officers. Part of the fact is that since they commit plenty of crimes t he African Americans get defensive when they are searched inappropriately without a valid reason and some of that public opinion has to do with the fact that they use to be inured unfairly because of the whole slavery issues decades ago.Just like Hispanics, young African American males are mostly stereotyped and are part of racial compose but part of it is due to the fact that they commit many crimes. Other typical bias-based policing tactics occur when officers refuse or ignore taking a report from a minority citizen but would have done so had the person been white. This was a common complaint we heard from the minorities we spoke with during the focus group meetings. (Iomo, Becton, Meadows, Tears, & Charles, 2009). The distrust can occur from many reasons and this was just one of them.Many other ethnic backgrounds have the same issues as Hispanic and African American communities. This type of problems results are that Poor police-community relations adversely affect the ability of the police to prevent crime and apprehend criminals. People at loggerheads to the police are not so likely to report violations of the law, even when they are the victims. They are even less likely to report suspicious persons or incidents, to testify as witnesses voluntarily, or to come forward and provide information Yet citizen assistance is crucial to law enforcement agencies if the police are to solve an considerable portion of the crimes that are committed. (Sullivan, Dunham, Alpert, 1987). Unfortunately this same problem still goes on today in many places around the United States including the world and wherever at that place are police officers present. The fact that some people cannot handle being police officers gives a black eye to police officers around the world when they do something that will taint that image.So you see why there are many public opinions towards police officers by different ethnic backgrounds. It all depends on what ethnicity they are from be cause that generates the distrust. In surveys Blacks and Hispanics usually always rate police officers as medium to low and Whites give higher ratings. There are many ethnicitys that have a public distrust for the police, but when conducting such surveys or research the age of the person has to be considered as well as the preliminary experiences with any police officer or criminal justice professional. ?

Leadership and Culture

leaders and Culture Virginia Arm hygienic University of Hawaii West Oahu Abstract Effective leading requires a delicate utilization of power and authority. Although they possess unique attitudes, traits and styles, successful leaders strive to promote their organizations vision and culture and activate others to embrace it as well. Studies have attempted to define one superior leading model but have failed due to individual and circumstantial elements.Key address leadership, bodily culture, power, authority Chapter Overview Leadership is the might to influence others to follow direction and support decisions. Though leadership and management often coincide, leadership is more focused on the long-term visions of the organization and how to motivate and encourage the implementation of these visions. The success of leaders depends largely on their own attitudes, expectations, traits and leadership style they embrace.Whether a managers leadership style is autocratic, laissez-faire o r democratic, the emphasis they place on production and people bears the almost magnificence. Studies conducted by Ohio State and University of Michigan have be that successful leaders show concern, initiate structure, participate and maintain a general ( instead than close) level of supervision. In a situational setting, the contingency approach is the most effective. The managerial Grid is a graphical tool for managers to identify their management style and set goals towards improvement. Corporate Culture Harmonize, Dont Homogenize In this denomination, Kuenne (2011) emphasizes the importance of attaining a strong somatic culture by unifying individuals and their talents as well as instilling a cooperative initiative on alone levels to achieve one goal or vision. Kuenne (2011) calls his approach the infinity loop designed to create a harmonized culture with the emphasis on macrocosm complementary, rather than striving for conformity (Kuenne, 2011, para. 6).The most importan t elements of Kuennes approach ar individual skills, shared values, departmental cohesiveness, a unified taking into custody of the corporate identity, cultivating personal development and the drive to inspire others. Essentially, thriving corporations instill a strong mission, vision and the inspiration to cooperatively make the visions a reality. Relation to chapter The obligate relates to the chapter by discussing the importance of creating a strong and diverse corporate culture.As mentioned in the chapter, A strong corporate culture is clearly defined, reinforces a common understanding about what is important, and has the support of management and employees (Ghyllier, 2012. p. 213). An important component of a corporations culture is the individuals it is comprised of in the business. A dandy manager will fare their talents, how to best utilize them and foster an environment in which they feel motivated and satisfied to work towards the common goal of the organization. In t he chapter, these characteristics embody a strong corporate culture. Five Leadership Lessons to Unlearn In this article, Five Leadership Lessons to Unlearn written by Stephen Wiehe, Wiehe (2010) describes how he changed the destructive leadership methods of a failing dot-com business in order to create a thriving business model. First, he emphasized that leadership is a behavior. Others judge your actions, not words or promises. He also pointed out that leaders dont necessarily need all the answers but rather moves. He continues to explain that the most creative ideas are generated by numerous people during open and constructive discussions.Another important point Wiehe (2010) makes is that leaders need to share power and authority. Lastly, he believes that rather than forcing or demanding change, it is better to ask for change and using methods such as positive reinforcement. Relation to chapter I thought Weihes theory on share power and authority were very closely related to t he chapter discussion of power, leadership and authority. Weihe (2010) suggests that leaders give power and authority away everyday. This closely relates to the chapter edition in that it emphasizes the separation of leadership from power and authority.Instead, leadership requires a skillful utilization of the two in order to lead effectively. According to the text Leadership is the ability to influence people to willingly follow ones guidance or adhere to ones decisions (Ghyllyer, 2012. p. 200). If power and authority are employed correctly, they will aid in a leaders following. However, when abused, employees may resist cooperation with not tho the leader but the goals of the organization as well. I agree that when power and authority are shared, people gain a sense of belonging and self worth. Chapter and Article learnThis research assignment helped me to genuinely take the time to understand just how diverse and important conscious leadership is. I also learned how complicat ed it is to truly study leadership as every individual and situation is unique. I found the articles very interesting, as they clearly illustrated what types of leadership techniques were not effective and how to improve and change them. Chapter Learning I found it very interesting to learn about how much a leaders personality and style can affect their ability to effectively gain following. Throughout my years of work, I have encountered many distinguishable eaders whom I can now better understand after narration this chapter. As I continue to work and be involved in social groups, I will now have the ability to identify different types of leaders and perhaps how I can be a better leader myself. Article Learning I think the most important rouge point from the first article is that people are unique individuals with unique talents, methods of learning and communication. Though employees may have little in common, finding productive ways for them to work together and communicate i s critical in order to achieve goals.Corporate managers must recognize that people need to feel not only accepted and valued as employees but also be incorporated as important components of the organizations plan or vision. When everyone is working toward a clear goal together, the odds of success are far greater. Another key point Kuenne (2011) makes is the importance of recognizing peoples talents and utilizing them to their fullest extent. Creating a culture that fosters supererogatory thought and the expansion of knowledge fosters high quality work and a better potential for innovative thoughts and ideas. The right culture change canwithout questionimprove results, says John Kotter, co-author of the book Corporate Culture and Performance (Lublin, 2013, para. 7). I think the most important key point from the second article is to avoid leading behind closed doors. It makes a big impact when leaders demonstrate their willingness to put forth effort in order to finish off the goa ls of the organization. Often CEOs lead by giving orders which often makes people feel inferior and unmotivated.Wiehe (2010) suggests finding opportunities to open the lines of communication by requesting feedback. He notes, Great ideas form from open, constructive, and positive discussion driven by questions. Everyone contributes and therefore buys into the idea (Wiehe, 2010, para. 5). Not only do employees feel important by modify their ideas, but also must take partial responsibility for the outcome. Another key point Weihe (2010) makes is to avoid counterproductive elements such as conflict and negativity. He suggests holding casual ompany gatherings in which dialogue can occur in a relaxed environment where people have a sense of belonging and higher comfort level. I know when my company hosts work team building parties we gain a much better sense of camaraderie and generate good ideas for the business. Other tools managers can use to improve morale and production are sales re wards and bonuses. References Ghillyer, D. A. (2012). Management Now. New York McGraw-Hill. Kuenne, C. (2011). Corporate Culture Harmonize, Dont Homogenize. Retrieved from http//www. businessweek. om/managing/ nub/may2011/ca20110516_966904. htm Lublin, J. (2013). Can a New Culture Fix Troubled Companies. Retrieved from http//online. wsj. com/article/SB10001424127887324096404578356351608725098. html? KEYWORDS=corporate+culture Wiehe, S. (2010). Five Leadership Lessons to Unlearn. Retrieved from http//www. businessweek. com/smallbiz/tips/archives/2010/07/five_leadership_lessons_to_unlearn. html http//www. businessweek. com/managing/ meat/may2011/ca20110516_966904. htm http//www. businessweek. com/smallbiz/tips/archives/2010/07/five_leadership_lessons_to_unlearn. html

The Grand Illusion and Social Identity

War postulates to the massive loss of life, the non-recognition of human rights and dignity. But then, amidst its horrors, great acts of humanity atomic number 18 move by people of various social backgrounds. Violence and conditions of uncertainty transform social identities with regards to ethnicity and class, enabling men to aid others for the very reason that they are checkmate humans. This paper expounds on this idea through insights from a fill classic, a sociological theory as well as common knowledge history.Background of the FilmThe 1937 picture palace The Grand Illusion was maven of the masterpieces of French director Jean Renoir. Having served in the First World War himself, Renoir witnessed first hand the gruesome experiences of being ineffectual in the face of an oppressive situation. He sought to express his anti-war sentiments through film. Although he used World War I as the setting, the film came at a time when the world was once again at the brink of another. The film underscores the theme that war is not the answer to societys problems and rather exacerbates them. It shows how the elite or the aristocracy resorted to war in order to sustain and expand economic and political interests. Prior to World War II, the Jews began to get the hang Germanys economy with the superb entrepreneurial skills peculiar to their culture that enhanced their social mobility.The success of the war depended on the support of the citizenry whose bulk was imperturbable of the middle and working classes. For Germany, the single greatest binding force that united them together was in the ethnocentric conception of the superiority of the German race. This was compounded in the narrow nationalist promotion of Germany for Germans. Both ideas worked to entrench a strong Anti-Semitist sentiment in the country.This shifting of social identities towards the ultimate expression of humanity in war is effectively captured in The Grand Illusion. Here, social identity ste ms from the recognition of ones membership in a social free radical united through similar contributions and viewpoints (Stets and Burke, 2000, p.225). Renoirs intention was to portray the transcendence over ethnicity and social class as illusions, aptly because they are the glaring diametrical of social reality.Social identity and TranscendenceSocial Class across NationalitiesFrench-German AristocratsThe film portrayed the universality of social class and the common group identities of similar social classes across borders. The German maitre dhotel von Rauffenstein is seen inviting his prisoner, the French Captain de Boeldieu, to lunch just because the latter was an officer, and so, a fellow aristocrat. Their identification with one another stems from their common fulfillment of the roles and expectations associated with their class.The scenes that followed showed them enjoying each others attach to thus forming an in-group, highlighting their difference (in-group favoritism) from the commoners, the step forward-group. They talk animatedly about experiences privileged to the elite cuisine, women and familiar people. Their use of German, French and English further emphasizes their ability to cut through the German-French and prisoner-captor divide.Stets and Burke (2000) sayd that in-group homogeneity is especially strong when no motivational forces exist to distinguish the self from others within the group(p.226). In the final scenes, Captain de Boeldieu distracts the German guards to enable his two companions to escape. German Captain von Rauffenstein tried to talk him into submission first precisely was forced to shoot him. De Boeldieu was a fellow aristrocrat (part of an in-group) but more than this, he was also a French officer, an enemy (motivational force).The scenes depicting the dying de Boeldieu talking to von Rauffenstein saw how identity roles take center stage over group identity. Though both of them see their identity as aristocrats, in the process of the war, they came to see their roles differently. Von Rauffenstein believed in the purpose of the war while de Boeldieu believed that their class was dysfunctional and welcomed the possibility of society being led by the lower class.Similarly, identity roles taking precedence was illustrated in de Boeldieu allowing Lieutenant Marechal, his fellow aviator who was a grease monkey before the war, to escape. Group identity would dictate that de Boeldieu, in order to perform his concern, would take advantage of the situation for himself. But because he saw his identity role differently, he died allowing a commoner to regain his freedom.French-German CommonersThe transcendence over social class across nationalities was also demonstrated during the escape of Marechal together with another prisoner named Rosenthal who was a Jew. Traveling on foot over unfamiliar and hostile territory presented difficulties and was further exacerbated when Rosenthal sustained injuries. As such, they were forced to ask for help at the farm that they came across with.The resident was a German woman, Elsa, whose husband tragically died fighting in the war. She shared a similar identity with Marechal who also came from a working class background. The common realization that there is much to lose in the war but none to gain (similarities), led both Elsa and Marechal to chasten differences in nationality and language barriers for the woman to help the fugitives.Ethnicity and Social IdentityOne of the characters in the film was a Jew named Rosenthal. He belonged to the upper class but was originally a commoner. The film dispels the exaggerated dissimilarities that led to prejudicial or Anti-Semitic sentiments when Rosenthals character was portrayed as compassionate. Although he was upper class, he gave parts of his meals to his fellow prisoners without exception. indeed, he maintained favorable relationships with all captives in the camp.This suggests that Rosenthal as a Jew and the non-Jew prisoners overcame ethnic differences because their identity was primarily based on all of them being prisoners (social group). Thus they performed a common role and viewpoint to dig a tunnel and escape in order to return to their respective territories and continue performing their duty to fight against the common enemy. Here, the German guards are the out-group.ConclusionThe transcendence over social identity is easily accomplished under circumstances of chaos and instability that are not conventional during times of peace. This is because as social experiments have proven, divisions between groups are minimized when there are common goals that can only be achieved through collective efforts (SIT lecture). In the film, prisoners from different classes and ethnicities worked together to dig a tunnel as a common means of escape. The sharing of food for friction match sustenance to all was also depicted, albeit through Rosenthal as an individual, increasing eve ryones chances of survival.Transcendence on an individual level can also be accomplished when ones perception of identity role deviates from the traditional group identity boundaries, i.e. de Boeldeius self-sacrifice for a commoner as a way out of the aristocrat failure as a class in contrast to von Rauffensteins steadfast conformity to aristocratic duties. The latters conformity is collectable to his commitment of a role that is salient to him (Stets and Burke, 2000, p.232).As social identity results from comparison of ones self from others and recognizing the similarities in experience can also lead one to transcend socially defined divisions. This was exemplified in the relationship of the French Lieutenant Marechal and the German peasant, Elsa.Non-transcendence on the part of the German guards and their officers, who represented the German state under Hitler in history, was due to their segregation of themselves as a superior race and their determined attempts to compete over e conomic and political superiority as well.In general, the film has been rich in examples showing how social identification leads to social conflict and also to conflict resolution. The lessons borne out of this classic film are valuable as we face a world today where war seems to be the solution to contradictions among nations, races, ethnic groups and social classes.List of ReferencesStets, J.E. and Burke, P.J. (2000). Identity Theory and Social Identity Theory. SocialPsychology Quarterly, 63(3), p.224-237.Social Identity Theory Powerpoint (Lecture).

A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-one

JonYou are as hopeless as any boys I defend perpetu lone(prenominal)y trained, Ser Alliser Thorne announced when they had all assembled in the yard. Your rolls were made for sp canvas out shovels, not for swords, and if it were up to me, the lot of you would be set to herding swine. But last darkness I was told that Gueren is marching five new boys up the kingsroad. One or both may even be worth the price of piss. To make room for them, I have decided to pass eight of you on to the gentle Com mander to do with as he provide. He called out the names one by one. Toad. Stone Head. Aurochs. Lover. Pimple. Monkey. Ser Loon. Last, he looked at Jon. And the Bastard.Pyp let fly a whoop and thrust his sword into the air. Ser Alliser fixed him with a reptile stare. They will call you men of Nights Watch now, solely you are bigger fools than the Mummers Monkey present if you believe that. You are boys still, green and stinking of summer, and when the winter comes you will die like fli es. And with that, Ser Alliser Thorne likewisek his provide of them.The other boys gathered round the eight who had been named, laughing and profanity and offering congratulations. Halder smacked Toad on the butt with the flat of his sword and shouted, Toad, of the Nights Watch Yelling that a black brother needed a horse, Pyp leapt onto Grenns shoulders, and they tumbled to the ground, rolling and punching and hooting. Dareon belt along inside the armory and returned with a skin of sour red. As they passed the wine from hand to hand, grinning like fools, Jon noticed surface-to-air missilewell Tarly standing by himself beneath a bare dead tree in the corner of the yard. Jon offered him the skin. A swallow of wine?surface-to-air missile shook his head. No thank you, Jon.Are you well? rattling well, truly, the fat boy lied. I am so happy for you all. His round example quivered as he forced a smile. You will be origin Ranger someday, just as your uncle was.Is, Jon corrected. He wo uld not accept that Benjen Stark was dead. Before he could say more, Haider cried, Here, you planning to drink that all yourself? Pyp snatched the skin from his hand and danced away, laughing. While Grenn seized his arm, Pyp gave the skin a squeeze, and a thin stream of red squirted Jon in the face. Haider howled in protest at the waste of good wine. Jon sputtered and struggled. Matthar and Jeren climbed the wall and began rainfall them all with snowballs.By the time he wrenched free, with snow in his hair and wine stains on his surcoat, Samwell Tarly had gone.That night, Three-Finger Hobb cooked the boys a special meal to mark the occasion. When Jon arrived at the honey oil hall, the Lord Steward himself led him to the bench near the fire. The older men clapped him on the arm in passing. The eight soon-to-be brothers feasted on rack of lamb bake in a crust of garlic and herbs, garnished with sprigs of mint, and surrounded by mashed yellow white turnips swimming in butter. From the Lord Commanders own get across, Bowen Marsh told them. There were salads of spinach and chickpeas and turnip greens, and afterward bowls of iced blueberries and sweet cream.Do you think theyll keep us together? Pyp wondered as they gorged themselves happily.Toad made a face. I hope not. Im toot of looking at those ears of yours.Ho, said Pyp. Listen to the crow call the raven black. Youre certain to be a ranger, Toad. Theyll want you as far from the castle as they can. If Mance Rayder attacks, lift your visor and show your face, and hell run off screaming.Everyone laughed but Grenn. I hope Im a ranger.You and everyone else, said Matthar. Every man who wore the black walked the Wall, and every man was expected to take up steel in its defense, but the rangers were the true fighting heart of the Nights Watch. It was they who dared ride beyond the Wall, sweeping through the haunted woodwind instrument and the icy mountain heights west of the Shadow Tower, fighting wildlings and gi ants and monstrous snow bears.Not everyone, said Halder. Its the builders for me. What use would rangers be if the Wall fell subdue?The order of builders provided the masons and carpenters to repair keeps and towers, the miners to dig tunnels and crush stone for roads and footpaths, the woodsmen to clear away new growth wherever the forest pressed too shut up to the Wall. Once, it was said, they had quarried immense blocks of ice from frozen lakes latterly in the haunted forest, dragging them south on sledges so the Wall might be raised ever higher. Those days were centuries gone, however now, it was all they could do to ride the Wall from Eastwatch to the Shadow Tower, watching for cracks or signs of melt and making what repairs they could.The Old Bears no fool, Dareon observed. Youre certain to be a builder, and Jons certain to be a ranger. Hes the best sword and the best rider among us, and his uncle was the First before he . . . His voice trailed off awkwardly as he realized what he had almost said.Benjen Stark is still First Ranger, Jon Snow told him, toying with his bowl of blueberries. The rest might have given up all hope of his uncles safe return, but not him. He pushed away the berries, scarcely touched, and rose from the bench.Arent you going to eat those? Toad asked.Theyre yours. Jon had hardly tasted Hobbs great feast. I could not eat another bite. He took his cloak from its hook near the door and shouldered his way out.Pyp followed him. Jon, what is it?Sam, he admitted. He was not at table tonight.Its not like him to miss a meal, Pyp said thoughtfully. Do you suppose hes taken ill?Hes frightened. Were leaving him. He remembered the day he had left Winterfell, all the bittersweet farewells Bran lying broken, Robb with snow in his hair, Arya raining kisses on him after hed given her Needle. Once we say our words, well all have duties to attend to. Some of us may be sent away, to Eastwatch or the Shadow Tower. Sam will remain in training, with t he likes of Rast and Cuger and these new boys who are coming up the kingsroad. Gods only make do what theyll be like, but you can bet Ser Alliser will send them against him, first chance he gets.Pyp made a grimace. You did all you could.All we could wasnt enough, Jon said.A deep restlessness was on him as he went back to Hardins Tower for Ghost. The dire wildcat walked beside him to the stables. Some of the more skittish horses kicked at their stalls and laid back their ears as they entered. Jon attach his mare, mounted, and rode out from Castle Black, south across the moonlit night. Ghost raced ahead of him, flying over the ground, gone in the blink of an eye. Jon let him go. A wolf needed to hunt.He had no destination in mind. He wanted only to ride. He followed the creek for a time, listening to the icy trickle of pissing over rock, then cut across the fields to the kingsroad. It stretched out before him, narrow and stony and pocked with weeds, a road of no particular promise, in time the sight of it filled Jon Snow with a vast longing. Winterfell was down that road, and beyond it Riverrun and Kings Landing and the Eyrie and so many other places Casterly Rock, the Isle of Faces, the red mountains of Dorne, the one hundred islands of Braavos in the sea, the smoking ruins of old Valyria. All the places that Jon would never see. The world was down that road . . . and he was here.Once he swore his vow, the Wall would be his home until he was old as Maester Aemon. I have not sworn yet, he muttered. He was no outlaw, bound to take the black or pay the penalisation for his crimes. He had come here freely, and he might leave freely . . . until he said the words. He need only ride on, and he could leave it all behind. By the time the moon was full again, he would be back in Winterfell with his brothers.Your half brothers, a voice inside instigateed him. And Lady Stark, who will not welcome you. There was no place for him in Winterfell, no place in Kings Landi ng either. Even his own mother had not had a place for him. The thought of her made him sad. He wondered who she had been, what she had looked like, why his father had left her. Because she was a whore or an adulteress, fool. Something dark and dishonorable, or else why was Lord Eddard too ashamed to speak of her?Jon Snow turned away from the kingsroad to look behind him. The fires of Castle Black were hidden behind a hill, but the Wall was there, lookout man beneath the moon, vast and cold, running from horizon to horizon.He wheeled his horse around and started for home.Ghost returned as he crested a rise and saying the distant glow of lamplight from the Lord Commanders Tower. The direwolf s muzzle was red with blood as he trotted beside the horse. Jon found himself thinking of Samwell Tarly again on the ride back. By the time he reached the stables, he knew what he must do.Maester Aemons apartments were in a stout wooden keep below the rookery. Aged and frail, the maester share d his chambers with two of the younger shop stewards, who tended to his needs and helped him in his duties. The brothers joked that he had been given the two ugliest men in the Nights Watch being blind, he was spared having to look at them. Clydas was short, bald, and chinless, with small criticize eyes like a mole. Chett had a wen on his neck the size of a pigeons egg, and a face red with boils and pimples. Perhaps that was why he always seemed so angry. It was Chett who answered Jons knock. I need to speak to Maester Aemon, Jon told him.The maester is abed, as you should be. Come back on the morrow and maybe hell see you. He began to shut the door.Jon jammed it go around with his boot. I need to speak to him now. The morning will be too late.Chett scowled. The maester is not accustomed to being woken in the night. Do you know how old he is?Old enough to treat visitors with more courtesy than you, Jon said. Give him my pardons. I would not disturb his rest if it were not importan t.And if I refuse?Jon had his boot wedge solidly in the door. I can stand here all night if I must.The black brother made a disgusted disagreement and opened the door to admit him. Wait in the library. Theres wood. Start a fire. I wont have the maester catching a chill on account of you.Jon had the logs crackle china merrily by the time Chett led in Maester Aemon. The old man was clad in his bed robe, but around his throat was the compass get a line of his order. A maester did not remove it even to sleep. The chair beside the fire would be pleasant, he said when he felt the warmth on his face. When he was settled comfortably, Chett covered his legs with a fur and went to stand by the door.I am sorry to have woken you, Maester, Jon Snow said.You did not wake me, Maester Aemon replied. I find I need less sleep as I grow older, and I am grown very old. I often spend half the night with ghosts, remembering times fifty years past as if they were yesterday. The mystery of a midnight visitor is a welcome persion. So tell me, Jon Snow, why have you come calling at this strange hour?To ask that Samwell Tarly be taken from training and accepted as a brother of the Nights Watch.This is no byplay of Maester Aemon, Chett complained.Our Lord Commander has given the training of recruits into the hands of Ser Alliser Thorne, the maester said gently. Only he may say when a boy is ready to swear his vow, as you surely know. Why then come to me?The Lord Commander listens to you, Jon told him. And the wounded and the low-spirited of the Nights Watch are in your charge.And is your friend Samwell wounded or sick?He will be, Jon promised, unless you help.He told them all of it, even the part where hed set Ghost at Rasts throat. Maester Aemon listened silently, blind eyes fixed on the fire, but Chetts face darkened with each word. Without us to keep him safe, Sam will have no chance, Jon finished. Hes hopeless with a sword. My sister Arya could tear him apart, and shes not ye t ten. If Ser Alliser makes him fight, its only a matter of time before hes hurt or extinguished.Chett could stand no more. Ive seen this fat boy in the common hall, he said. He is a pig, and a hopeless craven as well, if what you say is true.Maybe it is so, Maester Aemon said. Tell me, Chett, what would you have us do with such a boy?Leave him where he is, Chett said. The Wall is no place for the weak. Let him train until he is ready, no matter how many years that takes. Ser Alliser shall make a man of him or kill him, as the gods will.Thats stupid, Jon said. He took a deep breath to gather his thoughts. I remember once I asked Maester Luwin why he wore a chain around his throat.Maester Aemon touched his own collar lightly, his bony, wrinkled finger stroking the heavy metal links. Go on.He told me that a maesters collar is made of chain to remind him that he is sworn to serve, Jon said, remembering. I asked why each link was a different metal. A silver chain would look much finer with his hoar robes, I said. Maester Luwin laughed. A maester forges his chain with study, he told me. The different metals are each a different kind of learning, gold for the study of money and accounts, silver for healing, conjure for warcraft. And he said there were other meanings as well. The collar is supposed to remind a maester of the realm he serves, isnt that so? Lords are gold and knights steel, but two links cant make a chain. You also need silver and iron and lead, tin and copper and bronze and all the rest, and those are farmers and smiths and merchants and the like. A chain needs all sorts of metals, and a land needs all sorts of people.Maester Aemon smiled. And so?The Nights Watch needs all sorts too. Why else have rangers and stewards and builders? Lord Randyll couldnt make Sam a warrior, and Ser Alliser wont either. You cant hammer tin into iron, no matter how hard you beat it, but that doesnt mean tin is useless. Why shouldnt Sam be a steward?Chett gave an angry scowl. Im a steward. You think its easy work, fit for cowards? The order of stewards keeps the Watch alive. We hunt and farm, tend the horses, milk the cows, gather firewood, cook the meals. Who do you think makes your garb? Who brings up supplies from the south? The stewards.Maester Aemon was gentler. Is your friend a hunter?He hates hunting, Jon had to admit.Can he plow a field? the maester asked. Can he drive a wagon or sail a ship? Could he butcher a cow?No.Chett gave a nasty laugh. Ive seen what happens to soft lordlings when theyre put to work. compulsive them to churning butter and their hands blister and bleed. Give them an axe to split logs, and they cut off their own foot.I know one thing Sam could do better than anyone.Yes? Maester Aemon prompted.Jon glanced warily at Chett, standing beside the door, his boils red and angry. He could help you, he said quickly. He can do sums, and he knows how to read and write. I know Chett cant read, and Clydas has weak eyes. Sam read every book in his fathers library. Hed be good with the ravens too. Animals seem to like him. Ghost took to him straight off. Theres a lot he could do, besides fighting. The Nights Watch needs every man. Why kill one, to no end? Make use of him instead.Maester Aemon closed his eyes, and for a skeleton moment Jon was afraid that he had gone to sleep. Finally he said, Maester Luwin taught you well, Jon Snow. Your mind is as deft as your blade, it would seem.Does that mean . . . It means I shall think on what you have said, the maester told him firmly. And now, I believe I am ready to sleep. Chett, show our young brother to the door.

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Administration and Related Streams How To Use The Business insure Template (version 1. 0) nominal stage business re miens are prepared in a different set than essays or other academic assignments. Preparing professional reports, and proposals, will help you communicate your ideas to your employers compo nonplusion also adding to your value as an employee. This is an important skill to develop and practice while here at Centennial. Business writing should involve terce let out steps Planning Writing Completing Planning Analyzing the situation or topic.Defining the purpose, the business problem or opportunity that a report may address. Formulating a of import message for your report often this involves proposing a solution or response to the purpose. Developing an auditory modality profile. Gathering discipline. In other words, primary and secondary research, as required. Organizing the information Creating an outline or structure for the key points that need to be expresse d. Writing Adapting to the audience. Developing a tone or style that is sensitive to audience needs while projecting and protecting your organizations image and/or provoker.Composing the message Follow the outline prepared earlier, using carefully instructed paragraphs and sentences. Identify or bring on any visual or graphic representations of data that you want to use. Completing Revising Proofread and edit for spelling, grammar and typographical errors. Re-write for conciseness and clarity. To assist you with the formatting of such(prenominal) documents, we have prepared a template that you jackpot use to guide you through the report preparation process. Download the template. Save one master write to use again in the future.Save a new copy with a new file name that reflects your report or assignment. Instructions are tending(p) and highlighted in yellow. Read all(prenominal) instructions and delete them when you no longer need them. Replace all other elements ( calls, hea dings, sample text, etc. ) with YOUR essence, as instructed. When you finishing using the template, the final document should contain your own original work, formatted as a regular business report. All instructions or examples given in this template should be either deleted or replaced with your own content.Instructions for the cover knave The next rascal is a cover page and contains the report title (mandatory), a subtitle (optional) and information on the author, the intended audience (in this case, a roofless), and the date it was prepared. Every business report should have a title that reflects its content or main message. The title should be in the same font as the body of your work, but at least twice as bad as your regular text. It should be centered, bold, underlined and should appear about one third to halfway down the page from the top.Depending on the nature and content of the report, you may judge that a subtitle is appropriate. For example, a report about recycli ng in Toronto might look like this Recycling In Toronto Saving The City hotshot Plastic Bottle At A Time Titles do not require punctuation, although you can use a colon at the end of the title if you decide to use a subtitle. This is optional. Guidelines regarding fonts and font sizes Use either a elemental sans serif font (Ariel, Calamari, OTTOMH) or Times New Roman (a simple serif font). Regardless of which font you select, use the same font for the entire document.Do not use italics at any point in your report. Use the pursuit font sizes and configurations Cover Page Title 22 point, bold, underlined, centered Cover Page SubTitle 16 point, centered Headings 16 point ,bold, underlined, centered Subheadings 13 point, bold, underlined left-justified Body text 1 1 point DELETE THIS PAGE BEFORE YOU HAND IN YOUR WORK The Title Of Your Report The Subtitle of Your Report Your Name Your Student Number Professors Name Course Name Course Code Date Submitted Executive Summary Instructions The heading Executive Summary is standard and should remain unchanged on this page.An Executive Summary is the last item that an author prepares when writing a business report. It should contain NO MORE than three paragraphs, each with three or four sentences. The Executive Summary should never exceed one page. Paragraph unrivalled Introduce the topic of the report. Paragraph twain Discuss the main problem(s) that the report examines. Paragraph Three Review, briefly, any conclusions or recommendations that the report offers. A reader should get a reasonable representation of the boilersuit content from reading these three paragraphs. Table of Contents These page numbers are provided as samples.Use the real page numbers for your report. Put actual headings and subheadings as per your actual report. Introduction First Topic Heading Subheading 2 Second Topic Heading 3 Third Topic Heading 4 Recommendations Conclusion References 5 Appendices 6 cecal appendage One 7 Appendix Two 8 Titl e Appendix Three Title 9 Appendix Four Title 10 The Table of Contents shows the reader where to find specific content areas. If you have prepared a strong outline front to writing your report (highly recommended), the headings, subheadings and other information should be easily available and clearly organized.This example shows three headings and two subheadings for each, however this is Just for the purposes of this example. There is no set amount for these elements. Use as many of each as you feel are appropriate to construct a omelet report. Insert the consummate page number for each corresponding element. It is often outgo to construct this table of contents after all content is prepared and edited. This will hold for fewer revisions to the table of contents. The appendices show any data tables, charts, graphs, or visuals that you refer to within the body of the report.Such visual material should appear at the end in an appendix rather than taking up page space within the body of the report. A business about page numbers The first page of the report is the page that follows this table of contents and should notation a few introductory paragraphs to the topic, followed by the first major topic heading. However, the first page rate should appear on page two. It is standard to start out the page number out on page one. Introduction Marketing has been changed dramatically for last l years. Nowadays it consists of many different and complex tools for every particular type of business.With constant changes technological progress, in the way consumers communicate personally and professionally, marketing is a moving forward every day. Now, it happens online, offline and everywhere in-between. With the prevalence of complaisant media, mobile internet connections and on-demand information, the 21st century presents a new challenges and opportunities for vendors. To understand these challenges and opportunities could be passing important for success of marketing campaigns and, as result, for businesses in 21st century.Furthermore, modern marketers should understand how to solve particular challenges and how to use particular opportunities as effectively as possible. Challenges The marketing profession is going through a major transformation. Traditionally, marketing focuses on three key responsibilities understanding the node, how ND where to market and building the brand promise. These responsibilities are now transforming into new dimensions that require marketers to function and collaborate differently.We are talking about the new marketing imperatives of understanding the client as an individual, having a clear view of the client exist Journey or the systems of engagement and lastly, integrating the companys culture and brand to be authentically one. With todays Big Data, a marketer has the potential to transform his/her role and use the new insights to drive strategic decisions for growth and nominative advantage. Big Data- ?the enormous volume, variety, veracity and velocity of data organism produced-?holds tremendous potential for the marketing function.With the right marketing mix, marketing professionals can use Big Data to better understand individual customers, predict their behaviors, piddle tailored interactions and maximize the value of each interaction. Gone are the days where we Just talk about understanding markets. We have moved onto a smaller rabbit hole that promises practically more. Marketers now need to understand each customer as an individual. Subheading Sample text Lore pipes dollar sit met, constructed advising elite. Vestibules magna Guam, actor at congou neck, Venetians a fells.UNC ornate, veldt AC tincture pollutant, sapiens veldt consequent null, id dismissing est. Eros et risks. Vamps consequent arc trustier risks ornate a frangible NIST consequent. Queues at trustier Eros. Duds sit met Eros set UNC consequent mantis e vitae Guam. Annual facilities caulis torpor id plaine r. In plenteous NIST test risks line of life placemat. Name AC malamutes magna. salute trustier seem AC pipes substandard a ornate Guam ultraists. Suspensions at arc NIST. Ut cloud dodo mass. Anne get pipes Eros, quiz plenteous unique. Team consequent valuate purrs, et posture urn lacing non.Prior torpor NIST, lacing a bacchius condiment, dictum e Mauritius. Morbid veldt pipes, lifeline subscript rhombus in, element get urn. Vamps seed felts et est. commode aliquot. pass on quiz urn ante. In seed dud dodo, advising molls ague. In biennium nib UT pipes lacing UT lusts lacks valuate. Queues get meets unique. Mauritius commode mass e elite saddles UT cliques Just vestibules. Passels simper pipes sit met dollar facilities a frangible tells tincture. Team at magna lore, UT rut elite. Suspensions siestas consequent Eros, et interned fells placemat UT.Anne UT lacks elects, vitae dictum lacks. Present AC NIST Adam, id vestibules lacks. Annual constructed, Leo neck imperiled plenteous, NIST risks Venetians null, quiz tempts meets dollar dismissing seem. Anne vitae cliques torpor. Morbid seem dodo, solicitude seed portion at, lampooner sit met Adam. Plenteous turnips UNC, Verviers veil malamutes in, caulis in magna. (Argentina 2006) The major difference between a business report and an essay is that a business port clearly divides its content into logically flowing topic areas, divided by headings and subheadings.These should ALWAYS correspond to a properly prepared outline somewhatthing that makes your task much easier. Use as many headings / subheadings as make sense for your report. There is no standard regarding the number of paragraphs or sentences per paragraph, although most paragraphs contain at nominal three sentences. Use as many or as few as make sense for what you have to say about your topic. Please note A heading or subheading should NEVER appear in the last 15% (I. E. At the bottom) of any page. In such a case, leave white space and start the ne xt section at the top of the next page.In-Text Citations For all ideas, quotations or content, use standard titty in-text citation format of the authors name followed year of publication. (Argentina 2006) The reader should then be able to refer to your reference page to find where you sourced your specific material. Opportunities Wide oscilloscope of marketing tools With todays education of the Internet, new marketing tools appear every year or even every month. Improvement of old technologies is happening too. Because of that marketers can use a grand number of marketing tools now.Beginning from advertising in magazines and continue to the promotion in the Internet, social networks. Obviously, it gives new opportunities for businesses and for people around. Cheap marketing Vamps seed felts et est. commode aliquot. Present quiz urn ante. In seed dud dodo, advising molls ague. In biennium nib UT pipes lacing UT lusts lacks valuate. Queues get meets unique. Mauritius commode mass e elite saddles UT cliques just vestibules. Passels simper pipes sit met dollar facilities a frangible tells tincture. Team at magna lore, UT rut elite. Suspensions siestas consequent Eros, t interned fells placemat UT.Anne UT lacks elects, vitae dictum lacks. Present AC NIST Adam, id vestibules lacks. Annual constructed, Leo neck imperiled plenteous, NIST risks Venetians null, quiz tempts meets dollar dismissing seem. Anne vitae cliques torpor. Morbid seem dodo, solicitude seed portion at, lampooner sit met Adam. Plenteous turnips UNC, Verviers veil malamutes in, caulis in magna. Maximize each engagement Customers are individuals. To be a successful marketer, one needs to go beyond broad customer partitioning to qualify individual preferences and anticipate individual behaviors.By understanding each customer as an individual, one can develop highly targeted promotions, determine the next best action for each individual and deliver a tailored experience-?one that improves outcomes and increases return on investment (ROI). Social media sentiments are crucial especially for business to consumer (BBC) enterprises. Collecting and analyzing the content from social media must be a top priority. The volume of social media content is staggering Every minute, there are some 1. 7 million Faceable posts, a third of a million tweets, plus some 2. 8 million Youth views, according to Delano Digitalis 013 Social Media Trends.In the Philippines, social media is changing the way the Filipinos do things in general. Going by the numbers from Sociological, one of every three Filipinos is on Faceable. Big businesses are cashing in on it and theres no sign that its going to slow down anytime soon. To make a point, in May 2013, ABS-CAB Integrated News and Current Affairs (INCA) tied up with IBM Philippines to utilize its deep big data analytics expertise and patented tools in analyzing public interactions on social media that helped made better sense of the social media activities in the recent mid-term elections.Faceable is Just one of the many channels that offer marketers routes into the psyche of a customer. As the number of customer channels increases, delivering a tailored experience across all channels is a must. Whether a customer engages-?in person, via telephone calls or comments via Twitter or on Youth, the need to anticipate what the customer wants and then make the most of each interaction is crucial. Improving marketing effectiveness An effective marketer seeks to sustain interest, generate qualified lead and goes on to convert an inquiry into a new sale-?while making the most of the marketing investment.In the past, many marketing campaigns fail to generate actual sales. The good newsworthiness is, todays advanced analytics has the potential to maximize the value of Big Data and transform key marketing functions. Employing big data analytics for behavior analysis, for example, enables marketers to explore a broader range of customer informati on than previously available, detect patterns in prior behavior and more accurately predict future behaviors. As a result, marketers can determine the next best action, better target promotions and increase the effectiveness of advertising campaigns.The valuable customer information that marketers collect can be used not only to improve marketing but also to enhance product development. By sharing emerging trends and real-time feedback gathered from social media and other sources, marketers can make a valuable contribution to successful product development. Moving from traditional marketing strategies to more data-driven approaches that employ advanced analytics, marketers can optimize their audience, channel, content and yield. They can better target high-value customers, determine the best channels for reaching those customers, tailor the messaging and ultimately liver better results.Big Data is more than a simple matter of size it is an opportunity to find insights in new and eme rging types of data and content, to make your business more agile, and to answer questions that were previously considered beyond your reach. Until now, there was no practical way to harvest this opportunity. To sum it up, it is about bringing science to the art of marketing and realizing that things can be done smarter. In Conclusion pipes, lifeline subscript rhombus in, element get urn. Vamps seed fells et est. commode aliquot. Present quiz urn ante.In seed dud dodo, advising molls ague. Plenteous turnips UNC, Verviers veil malamutes in, caulis in magna. Most business reports are written with the purpose of presenting findings and offering recommendations. When preparing the conclusion, you may wish to review the main points from the introduction (for example, re-stating whatever business problem you were examining) and suggesting what haughty results might follow should your recommendations be followed. Argentina, P. A. , & Foreman, J. (2006). The Power of Corporate Communicatio n Crafting the Voice and Image of Your Business.New York, NY McGraw-Hill. Hovers Online. (2007) Intel-company Capsule. Retrieved September 6, 2007 from www. Hoovers. Com/ Intel-corporation/old_13787/free-co-facets. XHTML. Porter, M. E. & Kramer, M. R. (2002, December). The competitive advantage of corporate philanthropy. Harvard Business Review, 80(12), 56-68. Instructions PAP Citation Style The American Psychological Association (PAP) style is one of three standard formats used to cite works that have been used as research for reports and essays.ALL non- original ideas and content within a document MUST be cited or you may be legalizing in other words, you may be presenting work that appears to be yours, but in fact is not. Your professor has the option to give a grade of zero for either the work, or the course, should a scholar be found popularizing. The best way to avoid this is to use PAP to cite EVERYTHING. Keep track of every article you read, every book, journal or website you use. Personal interviews with experts are great sources of information and must be cited in the text as well however do not need to be included in the reference page.PAP has the following attributes Citations are formatted as hanging indents and appear alphabetically by author last name. Citations contain the following information (when available), IN THIS ORDER 1 . Author last name followed by initials 2. Year of publication (in parentheses) 3. Title information 4. Publication information 5. Date retrieved or accessed (for online Journals and web sites) 6. Page range (for periodicals only) 7. URL (for online Journals and websites) The examples above offer three different types of citations for the reference page. There are dozens more that cover all possible situations.Examples can be found inline if you search for PAP examples, or you can refer to any reputable communications textbook for guidance. Appendix One Title Chart Title List the source and the date here Put all visu al materials into appendices that appear at the end of your report. Each page should contain only ONE visual. Change the title of the appendix here to reflect your work. MAKE SURE you properly label the data, and that you use an explanatory chart title. The source for the visual should always be listed, as well as a date. This is particularly important if you are using data that might be questioned or may be obsolete. Picture Title

Humans and Bread

Food is a basic need for the creatures in the world to sustain their perfunctory body methodology. Bread is a regarded as a symbol for life, symbol for prosperity and livelihood from ages. Bread, a food item was discovered primarily in the Middle East and the features of the bread were modified fit to the regions it has been introduced. The bread was related to the divine source provided by the eternity. Since wheat is the cultivated in most part of the world and the bread is prepared with wheat. Bread whence symbolizes food in various forms.Consumption of bread was known in the pre Christian era. In the initial generation when bread was introduced to the side of meat speaking countries the villages used to give up to community kitchens where the women in every house used to bake their cakes at a common place. The women were regarded as the significant part in the family who nurture the family and their group was regarded as significant social involvement. The guests were welc omed in to the houses with a piece of bread and liquor to wish them a better life.The Russians regards bread and vodkha as a blessed combination. The bread which was prepared from wheat was considered basic food. Bread was used as a commodity in Egyptian ages. After the post harvest rate of flow people were provided with work and paid bread. Thus bread is considered as money. Bread or wheat was considered as basic ingredient for the livelihood and the rulers were at times conscious about the supply of the grains or bread to huge population in the kingdom.The bakers who tried to adulterate the bread making process were severely punished. The English used to introduce wheat cultivation and bread making in different parts of the world. Bread making even now is a daily routine affair for many families in different countries as it symbolizes a tradition, a habitual action. Now a days people in different parts prepare bread to suit their tastes to make it more nutritious and to include their and love and affection to share with family.

Legalization of Drugs

SURE WANT TO LEGALIZE DRUGS? In the century of freedom that we are living in, we have started to face this bare-assed worlds new problems and new situations such as heavyisation of medicates. Many sight are having dilemmas about do do medicatess legalisation coming between ethical values and rectify of freedom. However, surely forbidding something for peoples and communities birth benefits doesnt go along with our perception of democracy and freedom. What freedom means is being able to do whatever individuals want without disturbing others rights and freedoms.Then we should generally focus on the without disturbing others rights and freedoms. part . Therefore , nevertheless if we are not the ones that are capable of legislating , government activitys should care about our voices and be careful about this subject because of legalizing drugs and giving people the right individually use of drugs regarding publics rights and freedom lead cause lots of consequences and proble ms. Therefore , in this precise situation , drugs should not be legalized in Turkey. Legalization of drugs pull up stakes bring some problems with itself.First of all, legalisation of drugs will increase drug practise and the number of drug addicts as it will be stabled in our daily lives with power of fair plays. Therefore drug usage will imbibem normal as everyone will have right to use it, and people will find enough confidence to try it even tough they dont sincerely want to use it , but fur to curiosity. If we look into our past legitimation experiences such as legalization of alcohol or smoking , we can easily see the correlation between the number of addicts and legalization of additional materials.Secondly, increase in drug usage will increase the crime rate link up to drugs. We are going to be able to the violence movie scenes in our streets as underground drug wars will spread to aboveground, the increase in drug addicts will increase the number of people in need of drugs, and it will occur the easiest way of drug afford violence. As Magnnins (n. d. ) stated in his member although drug legalization will reduce the cost of drugs it will feed the habit. Therefore, the crimes with related to drugs will increase. (pg. 3-4).Lastly , drug legalization will damage the well-disposed relations among in public. The drug users are mostly psychologically unhealthy people as they do not care about anything but drugs , and due to their privation of logical thinking. The careless attitude that drug addicts exhibit in their social lives could be managed for a season by their relatives, but how long this relatives can stand this as more and more people belong addicts? Specifically, Turkish traditional and religious norms do not fit to legalization of drug usage and this will lead us to having social problems.In such a country like Turkey that has population is organize by more than %95 Muslim people , it is hard to expect everyone to obey a law which is strictly forbidden in their holly book. The ones who are for legalization of drugs mostly have same supporting ideas that they see enough evidence for drug legalization. Firstly, as legalization will make drug usage legal and provide some laws, it will put drug usage under government control. They assume that government control will help drug users as governments will be able to keep principal of drug usage, put quotes and even can generate income by putting taxes.However, they miss some very important points like government control will not only be unable to balk drug usage also creates some responsibilities for Turkish government. If we look into the alcohol and smoke usage in Turkey , we can easily see that governments can not control drug usage by quotes and taxes. In addition, government control issue will bring problems for the Turkish government such as building rehabilitation centers for addicts and governmental care and responsibility for drug usage as Gargaro(1996) stat ed in her article notice all the regulation and laws surrounding cigarettes?Legal drugs means MORE LAWS , MORE edict AND MORE GOVERNMENT, higher taxes and higher insurance rates. (pg3). The second point that drug legalization fans cry is drug usage is an individual choice which actually means to do whatever individual likes ,which is a right given by freedom , and drugs should be legalized as alcohol and smoke usage in Turkey. We transform this also from interrupts(2000) words which mainly points that not legalizing drugs means controlling individuals opinions and rights(pg4-5). Yet, regard that it is a social issue more than individuality problem.As drug users physiologic situations dont let them think critically, it will lead us to have more troubles in the community. As Maginnis(n. d. ) claims drug usage is not a personal issue as drug users families and society also endures the consequences like the baby on its drug user mothers stomach(pg10). To sum up, drug legalization is a sensitive situation, and the ones that stand for drug legalization should think critically, take into account the consequences of it such as effects of increasing number of addicts on ociety like increasing crime rate, possible damages on social relationships before they yelling legalization will put it under government control and drug usage is an individual choice. They should mainly not regard the meaning of freedom being able to whatever individuals would like to do WITHOUT DUSTURBING OTHERS RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS. REFENANCES * Block , W. (2000) . Legalize Drugs Now. American Journal of Economics and Sociology * Gargaro , C. C. (1996). Drugs * Maginnis , R. L. (n. d. ). Legalization of drugs The Myths and the Facts

American Cultural History

There ar more transformations that affected American life from 1940s-1970s several(a) departs and developments occurred during these decades that influenced the culture of population in regards with sports, ,movies and the impact of reality TV to the plurality. First is in terms of sports, gentlemans gentleman War II has a great impact on sports since it able-bodied met between 18-26 years elder who were expected to serve the military. There is a shortage on baseball bats and bowling pins plainly the professional sports is still encouraged to continue to improve the troops morale.In 1941, 2 platoon football game was allowed and no substitutions are allowed except from injuries until fee subs was allowed in 1942 and the Army Navy game was played in Annapolis. In 1948, football was considered as the game of strategy. Basketball was not affected that much by the war. In 1946 the Basketball connection of America was founded which sooner merged with National Basketball League i n 1949 and formed the NBA. Boxing was in addition in big money during these beats because of gambling.golf game Associations were as well founded in 1946 (Womens Professional Golf Association) and 1949 (Ladies Professional Golf Association). Moving to the 1950s plurality began to love sports even more and normality is gained not based on social spatial relation but on the athletes capability. Television gave sports more fans and College football was widely followed. Professional golf was also popular and produced golf unitys comparable Ben Hogan and Arnold Palmer. In 1952 and 1956 Olympics is organized and the cold war between countries became very fierce.In 19602 Olympic games was held triple times and produced gold medals and world records for Americans Otis David in 400m and Glenn Davis in 400m hurdles and the famous Muhammad Ali who won as light heavyweight boxer gold medalist. Palmers continuous championship in golf was also in 1960s. Television opened major changes to sports since business goes hand in hand with sports and exploits more profits in the sports market. Professional athletes demanded to be bid and the right to market themselves to the highest bidder. This also made way for athletes to be output endorsers and print models.Movies during the 1940s were heydays since movie propagandas are more on essential industry for morale. Plots of movies has fairly narrow and sure sets of morals and where villains are one dimensional like Germans and Japanese. Disneys animated career was also produced like Dumbo in 1941 and Bambi in 1942. Better role for black actors was also being fought during this decade. In 1952 3D cartoons made debut with Bwana Devil Cinerama and colors are use as special effects to lure audiences. in 1956 nation began to realize that movies are too expensive and pick out to stay home and just watch television system.by 1960, musicals became movies like Sound of Music and My Fair Lady. the famous Marilyn Monroe died in this year and made her movie fans sad, Movies has themes in governing and comments on racial issues like the Movie Dr. Strangelove. Sex becomes more explicit and occasionally non-traditional and Violence was also promulgated in this time that resulted MPAA to develop a new film code. 1970 is a big take for movies after Televisions dominance blockbuster movies were produced in Dolby Sound and win the peoples heart into watching movies again.Science-fiction films like star wars made top grossing films ever and disaster movies fascinates people as well. As the war ended in 1940, 5,000 black and white TV sets can be found in American homes and made people be entertained and informed at the same time. one popular radio show was bounteous casted on Tv entitled the Original Amateur Show and the slapstick comedy Texaco Star landing field was also launched. Childrens TV kicked off in 1947 in Kukla, Fran & Ollie which was followed by Howdy Doody Show.In 1950s television dominated the bat talion media and captured peoples interest to stay in their homes and watch televisions as past time. More young people opt to stay at home for longer hours and watch TV rather than go out and go to school. population accepts that what they see on TV because it is an eye witness to the events that happens greater reliance on TV news is accepted by viewers as credible sources of reading. In 1954 the black and white TV became colored in broadcast and th American family loves soap operas and variety shows.The second prime time cartoons The Flintstones was offered in 1970 and appealed both to young and adult. The Andy Griffith Show serves as the epitome of prime time family tv man situational comedy like The Beverly Hillbillies arises as Sitcom. humor was revived in Laugh in during the late 1960s. The television leads to social satire issues and other controversial issues like abortion, race and homosexuality. It mirrors reality and how people treats such issues. TV miniseries that s hows greater appreciation of whites was shown in Roots.The American contemporary family was portrayed in The Brady Bunch and gave us a glimpse of reality about American families. News are relatively publicized to feed information to people like the Watergate scandal produced by Corporation for Public Broadcasting and also made benne street to cater childrens entertainment. The television set has become one of the common source of knowledge and entertainment nowadays. Since it was made available by the late 1930s it has become a common household communication eddy up to the present times.As innovation continues, this electronic device disseminates information and has strongly influenced the viewers in many aspects. Through continuous innovation in television programming, people learned to appreciate what has been shown in their TV screens and eventually lead to imitation and social influence when dealing with other people. Reality is necessarily manipulated when events and people a re relocated into news or prime time stories. The media can impose their own logical system or assembled materials in number of ways including emphasizing certain behaviors and people and stereotyping.Television can distort people visually through camera perspective and other techniques. Rhetorically, people can be portrayed with contrastive labels. One of the most obvious ways in which media content structures a symbolic environment is just giving greater attention to certain events, people, groups and places than others. The reality television has also attracted criticisms from those who feel that the occurrence of this music genre of television has come at the cost of scripted programming.But whatever many critics and people would say, still, reality television shows impart social values, attitudes and behaviors to its viewers. People cannot avoid the truth. It will come in both positive and invalidating sides of life. As far as our society is concern, this is the balancing na ture to reach progress and continue to shoot along with its people and culture. Reality Television is the visible evidence of progress and a medium of change to any kind of society but it could also bring the negative aspects in the society.To adapt it or not, it is still the real world that we are living in and the real mind that goes on deciding. People could imitate behaviors that they saw those behaviors would be reinforced and therefore learned. Real, Whether reality TV ultimately fades into television narration or continues to evolve with the medium as a unique genre, for over fifty years it has offered interesting, a lot controversial entertainment. Reality TV, debates the social, psychological, and ethical impact of reality TV as they explore and gives us intrigue aspects of American entertainment culture.

The Battle of Stalingrad

The Battle of Stalingrad was fought from August 23, 1942 to February 2, 1943. Hitlers initiate out to capture the city ended when the Soviets trapped the 300 000-German sixth army under General Friedrich Paulus. The devastation of the mighty sixth army gave the Soviets a psychological lift and military initiative.For the Germans, the difference signaled the end of the Russian conquest that is, from a fight of conquest to a contend of survival. Background On August 1938, Hitler blow out of the water the world by subscribe a non-aggression pact with his most hated enemy, the Soviet Union.Both powers agreed not to besiege each other for a period of 10 years. A secret protocol c altogethered for a division of Eastern Europe between the two powers. Confident that the Soviets would not intervene with his military plans, Hitler proceeded to attack Poland. On September 1, 1939, German armored formation, supported by the Luftwaffe, smashed into the flesh out borders, trapping thousa nds of Polish soldiers before they could organize a general retreat into Eastern Poland. Two days later, Britain and France declared war on Germany. Two weeks later, Soviet forces meshed Eastern Poland, as part of the Nazi-Soviet Pact.Poland was obliterated from the map of Europe. Hitler this instant turned his attention to the West. After eight months of interregnum, German forces aided by the sinewy Luftwaffe, struck at France, Belgium, Norway, Denmark, and the Netherlands. The British were trapped at Dunkerque. French forces were defeated in a matter of four weeks. With France defeated, Hitler forthwith turned his attention to his hated ally, the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, triple German army groups, numbering about 3. 1 million men struck at the Soviet Union. The Soviets were caught by surprise.On the first day alone, 1 million Soviets were either killed, capture, or injured 1400 aircraft were destroyed, 500 guns were either destroyed or captured. After three days, th e Soviets lost almost 80% of their armored formations in the East. Four Panzer armies drove towards Moscow. The arrival of the so-called Siberian units (numbering about 1 million men) and the harshness of the 1941 winter finally drove the Germans from the outskirts of Moscow. Both sides rested. Hitler, howevenr, planned another(prenominal) campaign in the southern celestial sphere of the front. Operation good-for-naughtOn May 1942, German forces smashed across the Southern sector of the Eastern Front. Again, Soviet forces were caught by surprise. The Germans drove into the river Don, and prepared a massive outrage on the river Volga (where Stalingrad was located). Two German panzer armies took the Caucasus on the following month. The 2nd and 4th Romanian armies as well as the 8th Italian army aided the German Sixth army in the convergence of the river Volga. By the 1st of August, additional armor was transferred to the 6th legions for the final capture of the city of Stalingra d.Marshal Georgy Zhukov anticipated this and lucid Soviet forces to encircle the 6th soldiers. Setting the Stage for the Battle In the Southern sector of the front, Hitler have superior forces. German forces numbered about 1. 7 million men, or about 76 divisions. Operation Blue called for the use of 3 panzer armies two of which would drove into the Caucasus. One panzer army would drive straight into Stalingrad (refer to map1). On the eve of Blue, Germany still retained the element of surprise. For the Soviets, the defense of Stalingrad and other key cities or so the Volga rested on the saucily formed Soviet army reserves.Much of the Don steppes (refer to map2) were ideal for armored maneuvers. Field Marshal Fedor von Bock erstwhile argued to Hitler that the best way to destroy the Soviet army is to launch a massive attack or so the river Volga. Hitler, however, insisted that the main thrust of the attack should be around the Caucasus Mountains. Much of the strength of the Sovi et army move on its newly formed armored formations and the reserve armies, and of course, the channels of defenses around key cities in the Volga section (refer to map 3). Stalin allocated single about 20% of the whole Soviet forces to the Southern sector, expecting an attack around Moscow.At the start of Blue, 10 Soviet armies were hastily sent to the South to counter the 3 panzer armies and the 7 German substructure and satellite armies. It can be argued that whilst the Soviet held the upper hand in the northern and central sector of the front, in the south, the German initially outnumbered the Soviets by almost 31. At the start of the battle of Stalingrad, all Soviet reserves were thrown into Stalingrad in a bid to encircle the German 6th army. When the German 6th soldiers entered the city on August 23, about 5 Soviet tank armies were massing around the river Volga.Only the 4th Panzer Army was in proximity to support the 6th Army in case of a major Soviet offensive. Most of the armor were allocated to the army group in the Caucasus region. The Battle The first flesh of the battle of Stalingrad involved the direct assault of the German 6th Army and the German 4th Panzer Army to 8 Soviet armies of the Stalingrad front (refer to map4). Fighting in the Don steppes reached its height on the end of July when 2 Soviet tank armies tried to outmaneuver both the 6th Army and the 4th Panzer army. It would take 4 weeks before the German army could liquidate the 2 tank armies.The Soviet army retreated into the privileged of the Volga region in preparation of a massive German attack on the Stalingrad. Stalin now reorganised the Stalingrad front. Two infantry armies were reassigned as tank armies. The second phase of the German drive into Stalingrad involved the crossing of the river Volga. The Romanian and Hungarians armies provided the flanks of the 6th Army. The 4th Panzer Army provided the spearhead of the attack. Some armored formations were reallocated to t he 6th Army from von Kleists 1st Panzer Army. The Soviets retreated to the outskirts of Stalingrad.Consequently, Stalin ordered the Soviet armies to hold the 6th Army in Stalingrad. He allowed no further withdrawal of the Soviet forces. Between the Don and the Volga, a huge salient was formed occupied by the 62nd and 64th Soviet armies. On August 29, 4th Panzer Army smashed into the southern junction of the 64th Army and headed towards Stalingrad. The 6th Army drove into the northern junction of the 62nd Army (refer to map5). The pressure made by the Soviet 4th Tank Army in the north slowed the progress of the 6th Army, enabling the two Soviet armies to escape encirclement (refer to map6).The third phase of the battle involved a major German assault on the southern sector of the city. The Luftwaffe dropped thousands of bombs in the city. Paulus ordered the 6th Army to make a window dressing assault of the city (which was now surrounded on three sides). German artillery pounded on t he Soviet defenses on the Volga. Meanwhile, Soviet reserves continued to pour on the Stalingrad front allowing Zhukov to mount local counterattacks against the 6th Army. As the fight for the city intensified, Stalin reorganized the Soviet fronts, creating the Southwest and Don fronts.Zhukovs plan for a major counterattack was simple yet ambitious. Three Soviet armies from the Southwest and Don fronts would drive towards the remaining flank of the German 6th Army. Two Soviet armies from the Stalingrad front would drive towards the junction of the 6th Army and the 4th Panzer Army (refer to map7). This strategy was designed to trap the 6th Army in Stalingrad. On October 1942, coerce was unleashed on the Romanian and Hungarian armies (which served as flanks of the 6th Army). They were easily destroyed. The Soviets pounded the city into rubble.Although Hitler promised to airlift supplies to the 6th Army, only 100 tons reached daily, outlying(prenominal) from the 400 tons daily supplie s promised by Hitler. From December 1942 to January 1943, the Soviets reduced the Stalingrad chemise by 50%. Hitlers insistence for the 6th Army to hold out added to its own destruction. Paulus neer ordered a major break out of the 6th Army. On February 1943, the headquarters of Paulus was captured by the Soviets. Paulus surrendered to the Soviets on the day of his promotion as field marshal. Weapons/Advantages/AlliancesMost of the German armor used in Blue and the battle of Stalingrad were Mark III and Mark IV, equipped with 50 and 80 mm. guns. Armor ranged from 80 to 100 mm. The far-famed 88 mm gun was used both as anti-tank and anti-aircraft gun (it was the only anti-tank gun that could destroy the mighty T-34). German airpower relied on two famous aircrafts the bomber Junker and the Messerschmitt Bf109 (a powerful fighter). German soldiers were highly trained, far from their Soviet counterparts (also in comparison with Germanys allies Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Italy).Th e Soviet tank armies relied on two powerful tanks the T-34 (with its 75 mm gun) and the KV100 (a heavy tank). The T-34 tank was suited on all types of weather and could reach a speed of about 70 miles an hour. The Soviets also employed the IL28, a powerful fighter that could in whatever cases outfought the mighty Bf 109. The advantages of the Germans were as follows 1) the efficiency and effectiveness of the German General Staff in operational and strategic planning, 2) the level of training of individual German soldiers, 3) the close coordination of German mechanized units and the air force, and 4) flexibility in command structure.The advantages of the Soviets were as follows 1) the large size of the Soviet reserve armies, 2) its powerful tank designs (T-34), 3) determination, almost fanatical, of the Soviet armies in defending key cities, and 4) high production of armaments. Situation Report The defeat of the German 6th Army at Stalingrad signaled the end of Hitlers war of conque st in the East. It initially destroyed the strength of the German to launch another massive operation (except at Kursk). In essence, the defeat gave the Soviets a psychological lift that is, it was possible for the German army to be defeated.The strategic victory of the Soviets at Stalingrad allowed Stalin to press for a major Allied counterstrike at North Africa. German pressure in the East was part relieved. Hitler was now faced a war on two fronts, which he initially prevented by signing the non-aggression pact with Stalin. On the area of operations, much of the German activities after the battle of Stalingrad focused on kid offensive posture, in contrast to the Soviets which could mount major operations (Bagration for example).In any case, the battle of Stalingrad shifted the favor of war to the Allies, as did in the battle of El Alamein in North Africa. Bibliography Battle of Stalingrad. BBC. PolyGram Video International, 1994. Beevor, Antony. Stalingrad The Fateful besiegi ng 1942-1943. New York Viking, 1998. Irving, David. Hitlers War and the War Path. capital of the United Kingdom Parforce, 2002. Seaton, Albert. The Russo-German War, 1941-1945. New York Praeger, 1971. Toynbee, Arnold. A History of the World. London London Publishing House, 1964. Wells, Herbert. The Outline of History. London Garden City Books, 1956.

“Dulce Et Decorum Est” by Wilfred Owen Essay

In the poem Dulce Et Decorum Est, by Wilfred Owen, Owen uses imagery and diction to convey the meaning of the poem. end-to-end the poem, Owen paints visual movies in the refs mind. His ledger choice also emphasizes what he is expressing in the poem. style and imagery are two literary devices that help the reader comprehend that they should feel sorrow and understand the intensity of war, the purpose of the poem.Owen puts a mental image in the readers mind, which is a picture of a war scene. The soldiers are trucking on limped, blood shod and through the treks. He is presentation that the soldiers are injured and exhausted, which tells the reader they are at war. When Owen talks about the dream of the soldier plunging at me, guttering, choking, drowning, this paints a picture for the reader and sets a very intense mood because the soldiers ruffianly injury.Diction is used as well to convey the meaning of the poem. The soldiers are slouching on, knock-kneed, coughing like hags, they goddamn through sludge. The reader wonders what is going on and sets the feeling of sorrow and sick feeling the reader should feel when reading Owens poem. When Owen explained the scene of the injured as obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud, of vile, incurable sores of innocent tongues. This makes the reader feel sorrow for the innocent soldiers and shows the awfulness of the war scene.Wilfred Owen, used word choice and mental pictures to set the mood for Dulce Et Decorum Est. Diction and imagery are two literary devices that can put purpose into words. As for Owens poem, the purpose was to make the reader understand the unassumingness of war and sorrow for the soldiers.

In-Depth Psychoanalysis Essay

The formation and maintenance of the analytic telephoneing fix is important for the function of mintting up an i fuck emotional relationship with a affected role. It is the ability to have a go at it how to help the patient by deducing the emotional projections and barriers that are present within the patients question (Bishop, 1989).The cin one casept of psychic reality embraces the image of the external orbit, which accommodates the internal world in an individual that is smooth of masculine and feminine energies. It is important for psycho analysts to comprehend this exist relationship between the external and internal world so that the patient will not be confused in downstairsstanding his or her event (Bishop, 1989).In psychoanalysis, both analyst and patient are expected to merge the inner and outer subjectivity of the patient. The analysts main role is to figure out what is the scope of that subjectivity and form a suitable analysis of it that will be able to help both of them to find a solution. The analyst should strive to become a part of the patients illness in order to drive at a solution. This is called Transference which is a central component part to psychoanalysis (Bishop, 1989).The door to the past is clear through transference as it seeks to hit sense of the present. Objectivity has no place in psychoanalysis because the dish up is derived from the complexities found within the patients psyche. An analyst must be able to approve the patients projections of reality for it is there that the solution may be brought to light (Bishop, 1989).A conceptual frame exists in the process of psychoanalysis in which the mode of transference is indicative of the projections offered by both the patient and the analyst. It is imperative that an analyst maintains the frame by respecting the patients time as it is with child(p) the patient an opportunity to handle his or her own problems (Bishop, 1989).While both the analyst and the pati ent tolerate independent, mental interpenetration should be follow throughd by both parties through the combined efforts of projective identification. It is a process that permits bonding with the patient, alluding to a psychic intercourse. In psychotherapy, the psychotherapist is expected to psychically bond with the patient as a marital partner that nurses the wounded child found within the patient (Bishop, 1989).Psychological elements within the frame emphasizes on three things Neutrality, anonymity and avoidance of extra-analytic contact. The first element, neutrality, considers a behavior in which the analyst withholds external manifestations of judgment to keep things professional and the psychoanalytic process unaffected. The second element deals with anonymity, which exhibits separation of an analysts personal life from the profession.It is obscuring personal attributes and judgment from a patient, except if it is considered beneficial to the situation at hand. The last el ement, avoidance of extra-analytic contact, upholds the professionalism of the psychoanalyst by deciding to evade places where patients would most likely be. This will set limitations between analyst and patient by not encouraging further contact between the twain parties aside from those established within the bounds of the psychoanalysis sessions (Bishop, 1989).Along with these elements, silence contributes a great deal toward intervention in psycho-analytic treatment. It promotes an attitude toward to a gestational area where the individual could combine thoughts and feelings. The space in the room should be filled with the patients head word and not the therapists knowledge. Silence allows the patient to join on what is inside rather than what is outside. An analyst should take care not to interfere with this process as language may affect its course (Bishop, 1989).Another thing an analyst should keep in mind is interpreting the silence by giving importance to the transferen ce process, exposing the unconscious mind. The purpose of unraveling such(prenominal) intelligence is to project the instinctual or the here and now. Transference brings rise to object relations connected with the patients anxieties toward unconsciousness (Bishop, 1989).For an analyst to be more(prenominal) attuned toward the of necessity of the patient, derivatives must be presented in order to light up what was obtained from the transference. It is keeping the exchange route open and flowing. The frame of psychoanalysis should be preserved in such a steering that it allows room for both the patient and the analyst to bond together by computation out the source of the psychological discomfort. It is establishing a stable connection between the patient and the analyst (Bishop, 1989).2. treat Bions Model as it relates to psychological expatiatement and psycho sanative process. What correlates do you find in the workplace of Freud and Kohut?Initially, Bions interpretations of the subconscious mind gravitate toward the idea that thoughts precede thinking. He believes that people have alert preconceptions about the environment and their realizations. When these two factors meet, it serves as a basis for thinking (Bishop, 1989).Bion postulates that each person possesses an sway to be psycho (PPP), though it is very much different from being in a resign of psychosis. For Bion, it involves a set of process in which sufficient trauma activates the reversion of PPP, enabling one to experience such a state. It is fueled by the death instinct that affects the instinctual drive to kill and the ability to think and feel (Bishop, 1989).Feelings and thoughts are processed by the patient as a separate entity from him or her therefore, the psychotic part emerges as a detached state that breaks the linkages between thoughts and feelings. As a result, destructive impulses, rigid frustrations, hatred and irritability occur within the patient, rendering narcissistic l ove into sadism (Bishop, 1989).The patient experiencing this kind of state lives in a state of persecution through the creation of bizarre objects or hallucinations. This part of the personality relies on removing any negative thought-process through projective identification. Most often, projective identification refers to the pathological element of execution but under normal circumstances, it is a mode of interpersonal communications that permits the patient to express his or her feelings for the analyst to make sense of them. Such frightening expressions of the patient create a die hardible container in the analyst who accepts the intercommunicate reality (Bishop, 1989).The analyst then interjects such expressions or beta elements surrounding the projection. The analyst needs to get it on how frightening the projection is and respond to it appropriately. This process is known as alpha function, which simply associates itself from the feeding religious rite of maams. The pare nt bird feeds the baby by taking the worm and digesting it through the creation of bite-size pieces. When the digestion is achieved, the parent bird regurgitates it in the mouth of the baby bird in order to help the baby bird digest the food.The human counterpart features the analyst as the parent bird and the patient as the baby bird. The patient projects a reality to the analyst, which in turn is emotionally digested by the analyst and offered back to the patient. The analyst needs to regress in order to process projective identification so that it coincides with what the patient has given (Bishop, 1989).If the beta element returned by the therapist is unstable, the patient will assume that the therapist is of no help as he or she could not comprehend the situation. This leads the patient to feel misunderstood and alone. From this, the patient starts to project a more violent attitude toward the analyst. The outcome may lead to psychosis if the patient is unable to find another co ntainer on which to project the beta elements. The analyst must be able to reframe the beta elements in order to leave alone the big picture to the patient (Bishop, 1989).With regard to Kohut and Freud, both place special emphasis on conceit. Kohut identifies narcissism as a way of rejection by discarding oneself into anothers experience through empathy. It is the primary therapeutic tool that does not connote affect or emotional attitude. The affect is only experienced once the analyst finally comprehends the patients circumstance (Curtis, 2008).While Freud may have discussed how an individual relates to his or her being as an object and creates conflict within if disappointments occur, separating it from the line of development, Kohut believes that the narcissistic line is a semipermanent process. People take what they can from their environment all throughout their lives, which is what fuels narcissism (Curtis, 2008).The transference in Kohuts explanation takes place in the self object relationship which provides a mirroring positive response to the patient that is in dire need of it. It is the proliferation of affirmation, appreciativeness, and fulfillment of purpose, which supports narcissism in its most positive sense. The function of this is to supply the emotional dearth that is lacking in the environment of the patient (Curtis, 2008).One of the major changes that have occurred from traditional psychoanalysis is the founding of selfobject as a counterpart of the projective identification of Klein/Freud. It sets up primary emotional connections that aid in psychological development. The process is not concerned with the outside notions of the self but of the inner projections that manifests itself through deficits (Curtis, 2008).Another qualifying concerns the predisposition of the analyst of the past to take things from an objective perspective to a subjective experience. This view intercepts the existing relationship of the analyst-patient into on e unit which also encourages counter-transference on the part of the analyst (Curtis, 2008).Psychotherapy involves the examination of a patients long history and the fragments of mal-attunments that affects his or her sense of self. The role of the analyst is to assist the patient in re-establishing the nuclear self and assesses realistically the positive side of the patients psyche. This is the only way for the patient to willingly internalize the deficits through optimal failures. Failure is essential to the growth of an individual since it helps develop perseverance and maintain a healthy ego. Psychotherapy helps in the process of arriving at the selfobject needs of patient through the awareness of the existing deficits and responding empathically to it (Curtis 2008).ReferencesBishop, A. (1989). Classical psychoanalytic technique. In R. Langs (Ed.). New York Guilford Press.Curtis, R.C. (2008). Desire, Self, Mind, and the Psychotherapies Unifying Psychological recognition and Psy choanalysis (The New Imago). (1st ed.). New York Jason Aronson.